Udaka lwenkunkuma ngomnye wemithombo ephambili yongcoliseko kwishishini leoli negesi. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukungcoliseka kwendalo okubangelwa yinkunkuma yokomba udaka, kufuneka icocwe. Ngokweemeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango kunye nokukhupha, kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango zodaka lwenkunkuma ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Unyango lokuqiniswa yenye yezona ndlela zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ngakumbi ilungele inkunkuma yodaka olungafanelekanga ukulima umhlaba.
1. Ukuqinisa udaka lokwemba inkunkuma
Ukunyangwa kokuqinisa kukubeka umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo we-arhente yokunyanga kumngxuma wodaka ochasene ne-seepage, ukuxuba ngokulinganayo ngokweemfuno ezithile zobuchwepheshe, kunye nokuguqula amacandelo ayingozi ukuba abe yinto eqinile engangcolisi ngokuguqulwa komzimba kunye neekhemikhali ngexesha elithile.
Indlela yokubala yokuqina kodaka: isixa sezigaba eziqinileyo emva kokwahlulwa kolwelo oluluqilima lwesamente kunye ne-desander, i-desilter, inkunkuma yodaka olukhutshiweyo kwi-centrifuge, kunye negrit ekhutshwe kwi-grit tank.
2. Iteknoloji ye-MTC
Ukuguqulwa kodaka lube ludaka lwesamente, olufinyeziweyo njenge-MTC (Mud To Cement) ubuchwepheshe, bubuchwephesha besamente obuhamba phambili kwihlabathi. I-Slag MTC ibhekiselele ekongezeni i-slag yesithando somlilo esicinyiweyo samanzi, i-activator, i-dispersant kunye nezinye ii-arhente zonyango kwi-slurry ukuguqula i-slurry ibe yi-sement slurry. Obu buchwephesha bunciphisa iindleko zokunyanga inkunkuma eludaka kwaye bukwanciphisa nexabiso lesamente.
3. Ukwahlulwa kolwelo oluqiniswe ngokwekhemikhali
Inkqubo yokwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo oluphuculwe ngokwekhemikhali kuqala yenza ukunyibilika kweekhemikhali kunye nonyango lokudada kudaka lwenkunkuma yokomba, yomeleza isakhono soomatshini sokwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo, kwaye iguqula izinto eziyingozi kudaka lwenkunkuma zibe zizinto ezingenabungozi kangako okanye ezingenabungozi okanye yehlise izinga lokuvuza. ngexesha lokuchithwa kweekhemikhali kunye nonyango lwe-flocculation. Emva koko, udaka lwenkunkuma olungazinzanga noluvuthulukileyo lumpontshelwa kuhlobo lwe-turbo-drilling fluid centrifuge. I-swirl ejikelezayo kwi-centrifuge yolwelo lokomba kunye nesiphithiphithi esiveliswa ligubu elijikelezayo ngokudibeneyo kuvelisa isiphumo esiguqukayo esibanzi, esinefuthe elinamandla kwintlenga ye-semi-static kwi-centrifuge, kwaye iqonda ukwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo, ukuze amanzi asimahla. phakathi kwamaqhekeza e-floc kunye nenxalenye yamanzi e-intermolecular ahlulwe yi-centrifugation. Emva kokuhlukana okuqinileyo-ulwelo, inani lezinto ezingcolileyo (i-sludge) liyancitshiswa, umthamo uyancipha kakhulu, kwaye iindleko zonyango ezingenabungozi ziphindwe kabini.
4. Ukulahlwa kodaka lwenkunkuma ekugrunjweni elunxwemeni
(1) Ukucocwa kodaka olusekelwe emanzini
(2) Unyango lodaka olusekelwe kwioli
Inkqubo yokuhamba kodaka lonyango olungatshoniyo
(1) Iyunithi yokuqokelela. Udaka lokugrumba inkunkuma lungena kwi-screw conveyor ngesixhobo solawulo esiluqilima, kwaye amanzi adityaniswa ukuhlanjululwa kunye nokuxuba.
(2) Iyunithi yokwahlula okuqinileyo-ulwelo. Ukuze kuncitshiswe umthamo wamanzi kunye nokungcola kwekhekhe lodaka, kuyimfuneko ukongeza ii-agent zonyango kwaye uvuselele ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye uhlambe.
(3) Iyunithi yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka. Umxholo wezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo emanzini ahlulwe yi-centrifugation ziphezulu. Izinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo emanzini zisuswa nge-sedimentation ye-air flotation kunye ne-filtration system ukunciphisa umxholo we-organic matter kumanzi amdaka, kwaye emva koko ungene kwinkqubo ye-osmosis eguqukayo yonyango loxinzelelo.